Prevlaka Peninsula
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UNMOP |
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BACKGROUND |
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Prepared by the Peace and Security Section
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| UNMOP |
BACKGROUND:In March 1995, the Security Council set up successor missions for the United Nations Protection Force UNPROFOR in the territories of the former Yugoslavia, including in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM). UNPROFOR was established by the Security Council by resolution 743(1992) of 21 February 1992 to create conditions of peace and security required for the negotiation of an overall settlement of the Yugoslav crisis. The mandate of the Force was extended by subsequent Council resolutions and, on 31 March 1995, by its resolution 981(1995), 982(1995) and 983(1995), the Council established the United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia (UNCRO), extended the mandate of UNPROFOR in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and decided that UNPROFOR in FYROM would be known as United Nations Preventive Deployment Mission UNPREDEP .
During the latter part of 1995, the Council terminated the mandates of UNCRO and UNPROFOR and established two new operations, namely the United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina UNMIBH and the United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium UNTAES . Additionally, the Council extended the mandate of UNPREDEP.
In 1998, UNTAES' policing functions in that Eastern Danube region of Croatia were continued by the succeeding the United Nations Civilian Police Support Group UNPSG , which was operative from 16 January to 15 October 1998; and then taken over - as foreseen - by a mission under the authority of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE).
As the mandate of UNCRO lapsed on 15 January 1996 and the United Nations military observers and civilian police monitors performing the missions functions were to be withdrawn, the Secretary-General recommended that monitoring the demilitarization of the Prevlaka peninsula in accordance with Council resolution 779(1992) continue. The Secretary-General proposed that the authorized strength of that military observer operation be increased from 14 to 28. That would permit the operation, to be known as UNMOP, to be self-sufficient and to more reliably patrol the areas concerned as well as maintaining liaison teams in Dubrovnik and Herzeg Novi.
With the termination of UNCRO's mandate in January 1996, the Security Council, by its resolution 1038(1996), consequently authorized United Nations military observers - under the UNMOP mission name - to continue monitoring the demilitarization of the Prevlaka peninsula for an initial period of three months, and subject to extension upon reporting of the Secretary-General and future Council actions.
UNMOP became an independent mission on 1 February 1996. UNMOP's mandate was subsequently extended: on 15 July 1996 by Security Council resolution 1066 (1996), on 14 January 1997 under the terms of Security Council resolution 1093 (1997), and on 14 July 1997 by resolution 1119(1997). The Security Council authorized UNMOP to continue monitoring the demilitarization of the Prevlaka peninsula until 15 July 1998 by adopting resolution 1147(1998) on 13 January 1998 and. The Council, again, extended UNMOP's mandate until 15 January 1999 in resolution 1183(1998) of 15 July 1998. Most recently, the Observer Mission's extension through 15 July 1999 was authorized by the Council in resolution 1222(1999) , adopted on 15 January 1999.
Although an independent mission, UNMOP was treated for administrative and budgetary purposes as part of the United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH). Consequently, the costs of maintaining UNMOP for the period 1 July 1998-30 June 1999 were included in the Secretary-General's report on the financing of UNMIBH for the same period (see A/52/786). The costs associated directly with UNMOP would amount to less than $2,000,000 for that budget period. ( S/1999/16 ). To maintain the entire UNMIBH operation from 1 July 1998 to 30 June 1999, including the UNMOP element as above, the General Assembly, on 26 June 1998, appropriated $189.5 million Press Release GA/9425) .
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